NADH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Reduced

NADH is made from a derivative of vitamin B3 (niacin). The dynamic balance between its oxidized form (NAD+) and its reduced form (NADH) regulates more than 400 enzymatic reactions. Glycolysis produces two molecules of NADH per molecule of glucose; in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, this number increases to six molecules. Importantly, NADH regeneration efficiency is directly linked to the activity of sirtuins (a family of long-lived proteins) that repair DNA damage by deacetylation. This finding has made NADH a hot topic for anti-aging research.

Currently, NADH supplements on the market are mainly divided into three types: enteric-coated tablets, flame-coated tablets, and liposome-coated tablets. Microencapsulation technology from Swiss company Kingnature increases the bioavailability of NADH by 3.2 times over traditional tablets (clinical data: UC Davis Medical Center, 2021). Regarding the recommended dose, the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome clinical trial showed that a daily dose of 20 mg of NADH combined with 200 mg of coenzyme Q10 reduced the fatigue index by 42% (p<0.01). It should be noted that NADH is unstable in acidic media (half-life <30 min at pH <4), so a high-quality product requires a stomach acid-resistant coating. The US FDA has recognized NADH as a GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) substance, but pregnant women and patients with gout should use it with caution because the metabolism of NADH can cause a temporary increase in blood uric acid levels (an increase of approximately 15 μmol/L).